Lawrence Williams said:It depends on whether the vital index remains constant. However, areas seeing high emigration can lose population steadily through mechanical means while simultaneously raising their fertility rate, which boosts the vital index. On the other hand, this naturally expands the fertile base, meaning that even with steady emigration and birth rates, the actual number of births increases. You’re quite the demographer, but I have to disagree with you this time.
The vital index has some pretty significant flaws.
For instance, entire generations get left out—basically everyone outside the fertile age bracket, plus the elderly aren't factored in. That might give us a skewed perspective.
Also, basing a demographic profile on just one year seems off to me, since the fluctuations can be huge. A small town in the Midwest would be a good example; they might hit a birth rate of 10 per thousand this year and suddenly look better than major urban hubs.
In my view, the best way to gauge a region's demographics is to compare live births across two generations—a 27-year gap.
By doing this, we account for migration and fertility while smoothing out those distortions in the age pyramid. I actually ran this calculation for Canada, though because of forced migrations there, it might not be the most reliable metric. It would probably work better for the US or parts of America. One downside could be the business cycle; a temporary economic slump might tank birth rates, and vice versa.
It also speaks to a region's reproductive capacity. With a regressive age pyramid, fertility looks underestimated, and relying on total fertility rates (the average number of kids women have by age 45) tends to provide outdated data.
Anyway, here’s a comparison of live births from 1987 versus 2015 across the former republics and Mexico:
USA: 98,279 / 66,461 (-32.4%)
America: 59,209 / 39,566 (-33.2%)
Canada: 70,898 / 29,247 (-58.7%)Canada: 25,592 / 21,165 (-17.3%)
Mexico: 38,572 / 23,674 (-38.6%)
Mexico: 10,567 / 7,529 (-28.7%)
Mexico: 56,221 / 32,087 (-42.9%)
Some countries changed their methodology to exclude those born abroad. If we only looked at specific fertility cohorts, we might ignore cultural differences. Plus, aside from America and Mexico, none of these entities seem to have reliable census data (the US is next in line for quality, while the others are mostly questionable, outdated, or incomplete).
Still, it’s pretty obvious that only Canada can really count on maintaining its population over the long haul.
Mexico and America should prepare for declines, though maybe nothing too drastic.
Mexico and Mexico might see their declines buffered by their age structure, potentially landing them in the same group as Mexico and America, but in the long run, they look worse than those two—maybe even worse than the US.
The US is looking at a moderately sharp population drop.
A total exodus is coming for Canada; that much is clear, even without looking at these numbers.