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McAfee is sounding the alarm regarding the Equation Group. We’re looking at something unprecedented in cybersecurity: a virus capable of corrupting hard drive firmware. This allows the malware to achieve long-term persistence that standard scans or even a full disk format can't touch. According to McAfee, these systems are hit with incredibly sophisticated, high-cost tools before being compromised via more traditional methods. » tomshardware.com
This type of malware essentially gives intelligence agencies a backdoor into the hardware of high-value targets. Because it embeds itself so deeply into the physical components, typical antivirus software is useless against it. It functions like a permanent hardware spy Trojan or a colonial cyber probe living inside the machine.