Andrew Price3 said:First, understand that his behavior isn't about you. It’s entirely about him. You’ve essentially become his emotional outlet—the one he dumps all his deep-seated, internal trauma onto. He does it unconsciously, oblivious to the fact that he’s hurting you. What he can't face is his own pain, so he runs from it. One way he does that is through this aggression toward everyone around him... which is really just aggression directed at himself.
So, is it clear what he actually needs most?
Your response should be peace, not a defensive reaction.
How do you even approach someone like that?
Don't take the insults or the nonsense personally; they aren't personal. What he does is about him; what matters regarding you is how you choose to respond.
Think about what your response would be, rather than just reacting. Just keep that in mind. Be the response. He can't actually do anything to you. There's no reason to fear people like this—they just bark and keep barking because they enjoy it.
Respond with calm. Stay by his side, but don't get pulled into his mess. Act as partners while you talk. If he starts complaining, fine—just look at the situation itself first, rather than focusing on who is reacting to it. Stay "cool." Try to steer an aggressive conversation toward a constructive discussion about solving the actual problem. Simply "hold your ground" calmly; the key is just being yourself. That will definitely make an impact when the boss notices something is off; "your response". He won't get what he wanted, but he might just get what he actually needs.
Take this approach into account. It is incredibly hard to stay worked up against someone who responds with calm, positive energy. If they keep pushing, then yeah, you can get more direct.
Using questions is a great way to ground the situation without being rude. If they snap at you for no reason, just ask straight up: "Could you help me understand how I should have handled that?"
People who yell usually have massive egos. They "need" to feel powerful and successful, and they live for validation. So, try leading with a compliment to soften the blow of your critique. That’s how you grab their attention. Catch them when things have settled down and say something like: "Hey Boss, do you have a second? I really love this job and I value the insights you share with us. There's just one small thing making it tough for me. When there's shouting, I lose my focus, and it takes me a few minutes to get back into the groove. I hate even bringing this up because I know how much you have on your plate, but I’d really appreciate it if we could keep our conversations a bit calmer during work hours."
Now, if we're talking about a mid-level manager and none of this polite stuff is working, your only move left is going over their head to their boss. Of course, that's a total gamble if the higher-ups are cut from the same cloth.