Michelle Fisher said:I have one more question, separate from my mom's melanoma. This might be off-topic, but I feel like I'll get the most sensible answers here. I think most people fighting cancer wish they had caught it earlier. For healthy people, what screenings, how often, and where do you recommend we go for preventative checkups? I feel like everyone is a bit smarter about this now because of everything we've been through...
Unfortunately, you can't prevent or catch every single type of malignancy early. That's just reality. However, the vast majority of common cancers actually *can* be prevented or detected while they are still manageable.
Colorectal cancer—anyone over 50 absolutely needs to get a stool test. You don't need to see blood with the naked eye for there to be an issue. Also, anyone dealing with hemorrhoids really ought to get checked out with a colonoscopy, since those issues can sometimes mask or lead to tumors.
Breast cancer—start doing monthly self-exams in your 20s. Get an ultrasound once a year, and once you hit 45, move to an annual mammogram.
Cervical cancer—an annual visit to the gynecologist is non-negotiable, including Pap smears and any necessary swabs.
Lung cancer—smokers between the ages of 40 and 60 should undergo chest X-rays, spirometry, sputum cytology to look for early changes in the bronchial mucosa, and carbon monoxide testing via peripheral blood. (In many parts of the US, these types of screenings are organized through public health initiatives).
Prostate cancer—men over 50 should include a digital rectal exam as part of their regular physical.
Stomach and esophageal cancer—people who suffer from chronic acid reflux (GERD), Helicobacter pylori infections, heartburn, or gastritis should definitely schedule a gastroscopy.
Melanoma—keep a close eye on your moles; if you notice anything weird, see a doctor immediately. People with fair skin should also schedule periodic dermatologist visits, coordinated through their primary care physician.
Testicular cancer—perform regular self-exams and report any unusual lumps to a doctor right away.
Most of these screenings are covered by insurance, and for colorectal and breast cancer specifically, there are ongoing national prevention and screening programs active across the US.
Your primary care physician is your best resource for all this info, as are various cancer advocacy organizations.