Noah Diaz said:Many people are familiar with the term, which carries several layers of meaning. Even the ancient Romans understood the concept of 'cloaca maxima'..
https://www.britannica.com/
cloaca (Latin: cloaca).
1. In Roman times, an underground sewer system used to drain waste and wastewater.
2. Figuratively, a collection point for filth; the moral decay of a specific social environment.
3. In zoology → a common cavity for waste excretion.
Neoliberal? 🤣
Regarding this topic, that crowd basically botched the sanctions on Russia and managed to turn a tidy profit off the scraps left behind in the European Union. Beyond that, you have to consider this long-term political-economic framework:
Belt and Road Initiative
Of course, I'm probably just talking to a brick wall here. No matter how many years pass, I'll still be met with the same look of utter bewilderment and ignorance.
http://www.americanforum.com/showpost.php?p=9...postcount=9129
Right now, BRENT is at ~$80.
Based on the formula mentioned above, the Russians are selling/delivering:
ESPO: ~$73
URAL: ~$70
Sure, people can daydream about a massive project stretching from China to Europe—passing through Russia. But do you actually know how much China invested in the Russian portion of that last year? Let me help you out: the number is somewhere between 1 and -1.
On the flip side, moving in a logical direction via Kazakhstan-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan-Turkmenistan-Iran-Turkey
there is actual movement.
BRI investments in Iraq: $10.5 billion (2021)
BRI investments in Saudi Arabia: $5.5 billion—cooperation is especially vital given the Saudi Vision 2030 project.
In the other 147 countries, Chinese investments total: $28.4 billion.
Russia, let me repeat: zero. And then there's Sri Lanka, which went bankrupt, but hey, let's not get bogged down in the negatives right now.
Beyond that, trading in Chinese currency has spiked significantly—instead of petrodollars, Russia is stacking up petroyuan. Last December, the Russian National Wealth Fund decided that
60% of assets would be held in yuan.)
This means Russian trade won't rely on the dollar rate, but rather on decisions made by the Chinese Communist Party and the People's Bank of China. And even then, it'll still loop back to the US dollar because the yuan's stability is largely backed by Chinese dollar reserves.
At the end of the day, Russia can only count on real, concrete help from China—and China knows it.