urbanotter said:Come on, stop being so critical.
I mean, which river is Baton Rouge on, the Danube or the Sava?
There are three or four oil terminals in Baton Rouge, and it takes about 8 to 12 hours to sail from the mouth of the Mississippi up to Baton Rouge, with a maximum allowable draft of about 12 meters.
For comparison, a vessel of about 200,000 tons usually has a draft of around 16 meters.
And yes, they do perform transfers in open water, sometimes 200 NM away from the coast. These types of transfers are quite frequent in the Gulf of Guinea and Nigeria, where a ship might load about 70% of its cargo and then top off while anchored out on the open ocean.
Loading cargo is standard procedure handled under the supervision of the First Officer, rather than the Captain, who is busy with other responsibilities.
I'm certain the Captain knows how to calculate the draft, too; after all, he had to grind through several years as a First Officer just to earn that rank.
Of course, this isn't done regularly—it’s reserved for special cases out in the Pacific, thousands of miles from shore. There’s simply no reason for it otherwise, as a commercial vessel is meant to transport cargo from point A to point B without playing games.
You don't need to keep lecturing me; my son has actually been a First Officer on a tanker with a capacity just under 200,000 tons and a 16m draft for several years now.
Just two or three months ago, they were performing a ship-to-ship transfer in the open Pacific off the coast of San Francisco because their draft was too deep for the specific terminal they were assigned to.
Besides, you can use AIS to track all vessel positions and see where the concentrations are. In Mali, you'll often see ships anchored full of cargo, just waiting to hear where their destination is once a broker manages to sell the oil they've loaded.
Most of the time, when they load up, they don't even know their exact discharge destination; they're just sent in one direction and given the final coordinates later.
Anyway, so you don't have to struggle with it, here is a link where you can see where the ships are located and what they're up to.
Gulf of Mexico - Mississippi
https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais...ry:30.4/zoom:8
Mediterranean
https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais...ry:39.8/zoom:5
Gulf of Guinea
https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais...ery:1.1/zoom:5
Now you can sleep soundly, knowing that somewhere out there, oil is being transferred from ship to ship in the middle of the open ocean.😁😁
lolol
FYI, supertankers don't enter the Mississippi delta. For them, you're looking at mooring near 9.3 miles Galveston at a mega-terminal, where there are enough pipelines connected to the oil lines to satisfy anyone.
Furthermore, any potential ship-to-ship transfers happen where the terminal's draft limits make it impossible for supertankers to dock. In 90% of cases, those supertankers won't even head there. Why would shipping companies always insist on a vessel leaving port 100% full? Because it’s the most profitable way. Every extra loading, unloading, or transfer is an added expense.
So, my dear friend, what you claim happens frequently is actually quite rare. Every time it does happen, the shipping companies launch an investigation to figure out who messed up and caused these extra costs. If the Captain messed up? They might let him off with a warning and a bill once, but after the third time, he’s losing his job.
Regarding the rest of your argument, I honestly doubt you can distinguish between standard maritime oil transfers and the black-market smuggling scenarios spun by the fantasy world of RIA Novosti and their hydrocarbon-fueled "journalists."
Let me provide a clear example for you. A typical supertanker carries roughly 2 million barrels of oil. At a high-speed terminal, loading happens at about 60,000 to 70,000 barrels per hour; this means a tanker spends an entire day—sometimes two—filling up.
Now, imagine that tanker leaves Saudi Arabia 70% full and meets a Russian vessel out in the open water somewhere between Oman and Somalia to transfer 600,000 to 700,000 barrels.
There is absolutely no way they can perform a ship-to-ship transfer at the lightning speed seen at a land-based terminal. Even with perfect luck and calm seas, they’re looking at at least 24 hours of operation.
What are the odds that nobody notices two massive tankers lashed together in the middle of the ocean for an entire day? You know what it is: zero.
And what are the chances that a legitimate shipping company would risk illegal transfers and essentially commit corporate suicide? Zero.
Furthermore, what is the likelihood of a major oil spill occurring during these uncontrolled, mid-ocean transfers of massive quantities? It is incredibly high.
As for your highlighted comments and your choice of vocabulary: you might be older than me, but please, don't act so provincial.