Link expired or page removed?

Hey guys, so I’ve got this weird issue on my Android phone. When I go to Facebook albums using Opera, the first few photos load just fine and I can scroll through them, but as soon as I try to click on any other album, I get hit with that "the link may have expired or the page has been removed" error. It's happening across the board on Opera, Firefox, and Chrome on my phone.
Weirdly enough, if I use this specific ad-blocking browser I downloaded on my Android, everything works perfectly—all the albums open up without a hitch. It's not just my phone, either, because everything works flawlessly on my laptop and tablet using those same browsers, so I'm pretty sure the issue is buried somewhere in my phone's settings.
I've already wasted some time digging through YouTube tutorials, but nothing has worked. I tried updating everything via the Apple App Store, clearing the cache, even doing a full reinstall, but no luck. To make matters worse, certain websites won't load at all on my phone through Opera, Chrome, or Firefox, even though they work totally fine on my ad-blocker, my PC, and my tablet. Any ideas? Help me out!

Honestly, it doesn't really matter what you think about it. Just try opening it in an incognito window first to see if that fixes things. If it works fine there, then you're probably just dealing with some junk stuck in your cache.

Man, I tried going incognito and still nothing—same exact issue. I even cleared out my cache, nuked the app, and did a full reinstall of Opera, but yeah... totally useless. Still stuck.