Ronald Morales51 said:Here is yet another example of poor-quality writing.
You only need to look at this sentence:
Countless millions of women carry the BRCA1 gene and never express breast cancer because they lead healthy, anti-cancer lifestyles based on smart nutrition, exercise, sensible sunlight exposure and avoidance of cancer-causing chemicals.
I haven’t seen a more nonsensical argument. I mentioned earlier that we all carry the BRCA1 gene; it’s actually a perfectly normal gene that produces a functional protein in our bodies. Anyone drawing such sweeping conclusions with this level of "knowledge" clearly doesn't understand what they are talking about.
It is an established and widely accepted fact—one you'll find in almost any medical textbook—that in cases of hereditary breast cancer, lifestyle has a minimal impact. We aren't saying lifestyle doesn't matter at all, but we have to view it in its proper context.
I believe even Wikipedia covers this.
To quote:
Given the high risks and low benefit of lifestyle choices in BRCA mutation carriers, no lifestyle choices provide sufficient protection.
What is actually vital for women to know is that hereditary breast cancer accounts for only about 5% of new diagnoses, whereas other known risk factors contribute up to 30%.
That percentage likely comes from a much more detailed genetic analysis, as I mentioned before. However, since I don't know the specific case being discussed, it’s hard to give an exact answer. Just think of a very simple analogy: one gene, one effect. For instance, if you have the genes for brown eyes, in 100% of cases, you will have brown eyes. In this situation, we are dealing with something somewhat analogous, even if my example is incredibly basic.
Furthermore, that 87% figure refers to the probability of expressing that trait by a certain age, which wasn't specified here. There are also other genes that create an individual's unique genetic landscape, as well as family history, which can help calculate risk more accurately.
If you dig into the professional medical literature, you can find this specific table, which outlines exactly how much the breast cancer risk is adjusted if you're a carrier of a mutation in the BRCA genes. As I mentioned before, the type of mutation essentially defines the variant; if someone carries a non-functional BRCA gene, the picture is quite stark—it’s almost like my simplified example where one gene equals one specific trait. However, we are specifically talking about hereditary breast cancer here, which is the primary driver behind such high risk levels, just as the table illustrates.
I'm not entirely sure what part is tripping you up, but you mentioned being used to seeing smaller risks? Well, first off, risks are often expressed as a hazard ratio or a relative risk, and those numbers aren't directly comparable. What I was getting at is that a certain number of pathologies have a less defined genetic component, meaning the risk of developing them will be low based solely on genetic analysis. But risks aren't exclusively genetic; non-genetic factors can produce effects that are less intense but equally significant. Even though the correlation between a BRCA mutation and cancer is incredibly strong, this actually only accounts for about 5% of all breast cancer cases because that genetic trait is relatively rare. So, while 5% is a massive number, it's only one piece of the entire biological puzzle of this disease.
Furthermore, when we discuss risks calculated through genetic analysis, you often bring up weaker genetic correlations. In those cases, the risk percentage is based on analyzing loci—essentially markers tied to potential genes and known associations between those genes and diseases—which is a fairly descriptive approach. Here, however, we are discussing a gene that is fully defined and thoroughly analyzed. Recent genome analysis projects have clearly demonstrated that many vital elements exist outside of our genes, and frankly, there is still so much we don't know.
I truly believe that in the near future, this will become standard practice—that everything will be calculated for you at birth, because it's all written in the genes, including how sensitive you are to environmental factors and other risk variables. We already have companies offering this online today; you buy a kit, send in your DNA, and receive a highly specific breakdown of your risks for the most common pathologies. Over in the UK, there has already been an active project for several years to create a genomic data bank that would certainly complete this picture. Essentially, the future is already arriving.
That whole "minimal impact" thing is total garbage. What does "sufficient protection" even mean anyway? All these percentages basically act like a healthy lifestyle doesn't matter at all, operating on the assumption that there's zero effect. Because of propaganda like this, people are just going to live even unhealthier lives.
The only thing that actually matters here, from what I can tell, is that removing breasts DOESN'T extend your life, and as of right now, we don't even know if it increases the risk for other types of cancer or if it makes someone more or less likely to get sick later on.
Can you tell me why the popularity of preventative hysterectomies has plummeted over the last few years?
The idea that you can pinpoint a genetic defect right at birth sounds terrifying to me. What's the fallout? Preemptive surgery on newborns? Living a life paralyzed by panic, constant checkups, and endless radiation exposure? What kind of life is that person even supposed to have?