Some programs won't launch out of nowhere

So, I’m running Windows 7, 64-bit Home Premium SP1—reinstalled about nine months ago—and I’ve hit a wall with my programs failing to launch.

For a few weeks now, the Command Prompt hasn't been starting up. R Studio still functions, so I didn't bother digging into it at first, but I finally realized the issue is real.
Today, BitTorrent is completely dead. It was downloading just fine yesterday, but today? Nothing. I try using a magnet link, which is how anyone would normally do it, and it fails. I try launching it manually by clicking the icon... nothing. I even downloaded the installer, clicked run, and absolutely nothing happens.

Is there any chance something is blocking these launches? Where should I even begin looking...

Thanks,
LP.

Run a scan using an antivirus alongside some anti-malware software (like Malwarebytes)
After that, download and install CCleaner, run a cleanup, and then attempt to launch that problematic program again...