I was just making a comparison, really—I meant the Dell TN series specifically. Obviously, it would've been a better move to go with an IPS panel, like the Dell P2214H, but that’s definitely going to cost more. If you're looking for an IPS option under $333, the only ones I see are the AOC I2269VWM, the Dell 227 E4QSD, and the Dell 227 E4QSD/00.
Since Dell uses Samsung panels, the picture quality should be pretty much identical—which is great. My only real gripe is that the stand and the height/tilt adjustment mechanism feel a bit cheap compared to others.
Maybe try cleaning out the dust and lint from your laptop using a vacuum through the side vents, or if you're feeling adventurous, just pop the case open and clean it manually. It’s possible the GPU is running a little hot, which might be why the display is acting up.
Maybe the issue lies with your Adobe card. I'd suggest plugging your computer into a neighbor's monitor just to see what's actually going on; that should clear things up for you.
What does it actually mean when someone says the motherboard is dead? Well, since the GPU is soldered directly onto the board, if the graphics chip itself dies, you’re basically looking at a dead motherboard anyway. I guess you could try getting the specific chip replaced, but most repair shops won't give you any kind of warranty on that sort of thing.
If you tried switching your display to an external monitor using those keyboard shortcuts, only to find the second screen stayed completely black, then your graphics card probably just bit the dust.
Are you absolutely certain you went into the BIOS and toggled the setting to prioritize the external PCIe graphics card? I'd double-check that one more time—just make sure you actually hit save before you exit the BIOS settings.
Maybe that USB adapter would help boost the signal in the upstairs bedroom, but as for reaching all the way out to the local fire station? If we added another zero to that distance, we might actually have a chance at solving something.
Just head over to the nearest computer repair shop. It’s pretty obvious the cable is losing its connection at the headphone jack. For someone who knows what they're doing, it’s probably a fifteen-minute fix at most.