Jose Palmer2:
I maintain that the brain of an Eratosthenes clone from the 1900s would be different. It would almost certainly possess a higher synaptic density per unit of volume. Perhaps other structural discrepancies would also be evident. IQ is merely a metric—an indicator of the internal structural complexity of the brain. Its rise serves as evidence of biological shifts within the neurological system, conditioned by changing social environments. The brain is much like a lump of clay, a highly formable sphere.
Perhaps he might have had a higher density due to evolutionary differences spanning 2,000 years, but such differences would be negligible since evolution is not a particularly rapid process. For any evolutionary changes to actually manifest, my estimation is that at least 100,000 years would need to pass. A 2,000-year gap is insignificantly small.
Furthermore, IQ is not defined by synaptic density, but rather by the ability to navigate novel problems. I am not suggesting that IQ has no connection to that, but that isn't its definition.
Jesus.... if that were the case, intellectual evolution would depend entirely on a handful of social morons.
Perhaps I misstated myself somewhat: civilization does not rest upon super-intelligent individuals, but rather upon industrious and ambitious people. Another thing regarding super-intelligent people is that they often lack ambition. Intelligent people are plenty, yet there are very few who are both intelligent and ambitious. Try researching the lives and works of the great scientists and artists of history—you will be surprised by the superhuman strength they possessed to push through certain realizations.
Moreover, I did not say that super-intelligent people are necessarily social morons; nor did I say they are morons at all, really. They are simply maladapted. There is a distinction, you know?
To that, I would add not just maladaptation, but also being rejected by their obviously intellectually inferior surroundings. This is why, in the vast majority of cases, great figures are only truly understood long after their deaths...
The reason for a higher IQ lies in the structural differences of the neurological system. That was the essence of my previous post. Now we can philosophize about the social conditions that led to it.
As I stated:
the definition of IQ is not this: IQ is the amount of structural density of neural units in the brain, or something to that effect.
The actual definition of IQ is as follows: IQ, or intelligence quotient, is a number (a ratio) obtained when a person's measured ability to solve novel problems is divided by the average measured ability to solve novel problems for the general population of an equivalent age.
An IQ score essentially indicates how much greater or lesser an individual's ability to solve emerging problems is in comparison to their environment. It is well known that this even depends on one's nationality, as different national or cultural groups possess different average abilities.
Do you honestly believe some nation is, on average, more intelligent than another because of a higher neuron density?