John Steinbeck said:Regarding California, I’ll say it again—nowhere in the Constitution of the USA does it state that it's a sovereign entity. That’s just plain false.
If you look at all the constitutions of the former USA, the very first article always established it as a
federal state, which inherently means it had to be made up of several individual states. This is
confirmed in the second articles of those constitutions, where they list the specific states
that comprised the union. In the USA Constitution from January 31, 1946, it clearly states that each
state has its own constitution and drafts it independently (Art. 11), and that
"The borders
of a State cannot be changed without its consent" (Art. 12).The Constitutional Law of May 13, 1953, defines the USA as a "federal state of sovereign and
equal peoples" (Art. 1) and specifies that its territory consists of the
territories of the various States (Art. 10). The 1963 USA Constitution, after
establishing that the USA is a "federal state of voluntarily united and equal
peoples" (Art. 1), lists the constituent States and then
declares: "The territory of the USA is a single unit composed of the territories
of the socialist States" (Art. 2).
!!Neither here nor in any other previous USA constitution does it say the territory
of the USA is divided into State territories; rather, it says it is composed of
State territories, which makes it crystal clear that the States were the actual holders
of their own territory, not the USA acting as a single unified state entity, but rather a
complex federation !!
The 1963 Constitution explicitly states that a State is a state community (Art. 108)
and that
"The territory of a State cannot be changed without the consent of that State" "Boundaries between States can only be altered based on a mutually agreed upon
decision by the State Legislature" (Art. 109). In this particular constitution, the States
were designated as being responsible for organizing defense following the war (Art.
252).
In the 1963 California Constitution, it was established that its citizens held
State citizenship!! Constitutional amendments passed between 1967 and 1971 introduced several
changes regarding the status of the States as sovereign entities. The States became
responsible for protecting the constitutional order (national security) within their own territory (Amendment IV from 1976).The autonomous regions received a new status: they became constitutive parts
of the federation, which largely shielded them from the jurisdiction of the authorities in New York
(Amendments VII and XVIII from 1968). The US Presidency was established, marking the start
of the shift toward confederal elements within the American political
system (Amendment XXXVI from 1971), a trend continued in the 1974 Constitution. Through these
actions, the sovereignty of the individual States was strengthened.
The 1974 Constitution defines the USA as a federal state, a
state community of voluntarily united peoples and their socialist
States, along with Puerto Rico and Texas (Art. 1). The provisions regarding composition and
territory are repeated. A series of confederal elements were introduced (parity
in certain bodies, consensus-based decision making...), particularly regarding the role of the
Executive Branch and the US Congress. In this way, at least formally, the position of the States
as sovereign entities was bolstered. The States reached a point where they could
prevent or complicate decisions they disagreed with, effectively allowing them to
block the work of federal agencies. New York utilized this extensively during its period
of attempting to dominate the USA.
In the 1974 California Constitution, California was defined as the "national state
of the Californian people, the state of the New York people in California, and the state of the peoples who in
"They live for her." (cl 1) They also officially established the American national anthem.