Paul Anderson7 said:I was wondering how Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, and Belgium are currently handling their gas imports from Russia.
Well, looking at Finland and Sweden, they basically import almost everything, though you have to remember the Swedes actually have enough domestic production to cover a tiny slice of their own needs. The Finns, on the other hand, rely almost exclusively on Russia, while the Swedes flip-flop depending on the year... they used to pull from Denmark, but nowadays it’s either Norway or Russia. They do have a couple of LNG terminals, but let me tell you, those capacities are pretty small. Now, Denmark used to have some solid production going, but lately, their imports from Russia have been creeping up—though it's worth noting these imports are actually quite minimal. You also have to consider that in those northern parts of Europe, biomass and all sorts of other heating methods are king, so hardly anyone relies on gas for warmth. Gas just makes up a tiny fraction of their total energy consumption. In Finland, they even have these mandates for alternative fuels, essentially ensuring that if the gas supply ever gets cut off, those few households that actually use it can just pivot to something else, like wood.
The Netherlands has Groningen, of course, along with that massive LNG terminal in Rotterdam, which they are actually expanding right now. Their imports from Russia fluctuate from year to year, but honestly, they could swap that out without breaking a sweat. As for Belgium, most of what they bring in comes from Norway, the UK, and the Netherlands, and since they have a decent LNG terminal—plus a few others nearby—they should be able to make the switch pretty easily too.
Then you’ve got Italy, which is acting a lot like Germany, except the Italians were arguably a bit smarter because they went ahead and planted a few LNG terminals in the ground. Plus, Italy has access to Algeria and several other potential sources sitting right there in the Mediterranean. Their whole game plan is to completely sever ties with Russian imports by 2025.