Turns out Marshall was an even bigger player than we thought
in Close to Politics ·
He’s simply not on the same level as Kennedy
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Posts by briskgull27
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Hunting pedophiles: Is it just a modern-day witch hunt?
in Psychology ·
Kimberly Gomez28 said:That’s a solid breakdown. Those bolded parts really drive the point home! 😁
The logic here is simple: it’s much easier to shift the spotlight toward predators facing more severe legal issues.
Catch one predator, throw them behind bars, and suddenly you're a local hero.
Meanwhile, plenty of other serious problems just go completely unmentioned.
Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
The producers behind "A Beautiful Mind" are dismissing the growing wave of criticism regarding the film's accuracy—claiming that the failure to authentically portray the life and work of the brilliant schizophrenic John Nash is nothing more than a smear campaign by competitors looking to sabotage their Oscar chances.
Once the biography of John Nash Jr., the legendary mathematician who fought a grueling battle with severe mental illness, was passed through the hands of Akiva Goldsman, so many awkward truths were scrubed from Sylvija Nassar’s book that critics began arguing the movie should have been nominated for Best Original Screenplay rather than Best Adapted Screenplay.
There is no denying that John Nash Jr. was an absolutely fascinating figure. This genius shaped the game theory we rely on today—a concept so vital to modern economic forecasting that it earned him the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. His work was so groundbreaking that even the CIA recruited him as a special consultant to help crack Soviet codes. Yet, despite his brilliance, this Harvard professor spiraled deep into a private hell of paranoid schizophrenia that nearly destroyed him.
After pharmaceutical treatments and electroshock therapy left him feeling like a shell of his former self, Nash made the radical choice to abandon formal treatment entirely. He decided to simply live as he was, hoping his condition might stabilize enough for him to function again—a hope that eventually, remarkably, came true.
These intense life events are captured brilliantly in Ron Howard’s stellar film, which stands as a heavy hitter this year for Best Picture, Best Actor (Russell Crowe), and Best Supporting Actress (Jennifer Connelly).
However, the path to those golden statues might be blocked by a lack of authenticity; too many people have pointed out that the filmmakers stripped away the most "sensitive" details of Nash's life—details that might have made mainstream American audiences a bit uncomfortable.
While Sylvija Nassar’s book dedicates an entire chapter to Nash's overt bisexuality—including an incident involving a police officer in a public restroom decades before George Michael—the film presents Nash as strictly heterosexual. Even within that portrayal, one "small" detail is missing: an extramarital child with a nurse named Eleanor Stier that Nash refused to acknowledge.
The "magic" of Hollywood also caused certain loud, antisemitic, and racist outbursts Nash once had to vanish into thin air. (Though, arguably, his paranoid schizophrenia provides a significant excuse for such behavior).🤣 🤣 😁 😁
Even the parts of his life that actually made it onto the screen underwent some "polishing." Jennifer Connelly plays Sylvija Nash, the devoted wife who stayed by John's side through thick and thin, whereas in reality, they divorced during the years when living with him became unbearable, only remarrying just a few years ago.
When Russell Crowe defended the film, suggesting the sexual nuances were omitted to avoid linking homosexuality with schizophrenia, director Ron Howard mostly offered vague apologies, calling them "insignificant details" and reminding everyone that the film is merely "semi-biographical and loosely based on Nash's life."
In response to the mounting backlash over the inaccuracies in "A Beautiful Mind," the head of Universal, Stacey Snider, has reacted with paranoid claims of a conspiracy, suggesting rivals are attacking the film to lower its Oscar prospects: "Filmmakers who do honest work without tailoring a story just to win awards shouldn't have to defend themselves. This sudden flood of articles about historical inaccuracies feels far too calculated to be a coincidence."
We really have to ask ourselves: who’s actually dealing with paranoia here—the protagonist, or the filmmakers themselves?
"It's nothing more than the inevitable paranoia of an Oscar contender," says Tom O'Neill, an expert in tracking the Academy Awards. "The idea that they're cooking up some deep-seated conspiracy is absurd. What we're seeing is just them paying the price for the kind of 'creative embellishment' that's practically standard practice in Hollywood."
Once the biography of John Nash Jr., the legendary mathematician who fought a grueling battle with severe mental illness, was passed through the hands of Akiva Goldsman, so many awkward truths were scrubed from Sylvija Nassar’s book that critics began arguing the movie should have been nominated for Best Original Screenplay rather than Best Adapted Screenplay.
There is no denying that John Nash Jr. was an absolutely fascinating figure. This genius shaped the game theory we rely on today—a concept so vital to modern economic forecasting that it earned him the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. His work was so groundbreaking that even the CIA recruited him as a special consultant to help crack Soviet codes. Yet, despite his brilliance, this Harvard professor spiraled deep into a private hell of paranoid schizophrenia that nearly destroyed him.
After pharmaceutical treatments and electroshock therapy left him feeling like a shell of his former self, Nash made the radical choice to abandon formal treatment entirely. He decided to simply live as he was, hoping his condition might stabilize enough for him to function again—a hope that eventually, remarkably, came true.
These intense life events are captured brilliantly in Ron Howard’s stellar film, which stands as a heavy hitter this year for Best Picture, Best Actor (Russell Crowe), and Best Supporting Actress (Jennifer Connelly).
However, the path to those golden statues might be blocked by a lack of authenticity; too many people have pointed out that the filmmakers stripped away the most "sensitive" details of Nash's life—details that might have made mainstream American audiences a bit uncomfortable.
While Sylvija Nassar’s book dedicates an entire chapter to Nash's overt bisexuality—including an incident involving a police officer in a public restroom decades before George Michael—the film presents Nash as strictly heterosexual. Even within that portrayal, one "small" detail is missing: an extramarital child with a nurse named Eleanor Stier that Nash refused to acknowledge.
The "magic" of Hollywood also caused certain loud, antisemitic, and racist outbursts Nash once had to vanish into thin air. (Though, arguably, his paranoid schizophrenia provides a significant excuse for such behavior).🤣 🤣 😁 😁
Even the parts of his life that actually made it onto the screen underwent some "polishing." Jennifer Connelly plays Sylvija Nash, the devoted wife who stayed by John's side through thick and thin, whereas in reality, they divorced during the years when living with him became unbearable, only remarrying just a few years ago.
When Russell Crowe defended the film, suggesting the sexual nuances were omitted to avoid linking homosexuality with schizophrenia, director Ron Howard mostly offered vague apologies, calling them "insignificant details" and reminding everyone that the film is merely "semi-biographical and loosely based on Nash's life."
In response to the mounting backlash over the inaccuracies in "A Beautiful Mind," the head of Universal, Stacey Snider, has reacted with paranoid claims of a conspiracy, suggesting rivals are attacking the film to lower its Oscar prospects: "Filmmakers who do honest work without tailoring a story just to win awards shouldn't have to defend themselves. This sudden flood of articles about historical inaccuracies feels far too calculated to be a coincidence."
We really have to ask ourselves: who’s actually dealing with paranoia here—the protagonist, or the filmmakers themselves?
"It's nothing more than the inevitable paranoia of an Oscar contender," says Tom O'Neill, an expert in tracking the Academy Awards. "The idea that they're cooking up some deep-seated conspiracy is absurd. What we're seeing is just them paying the price for the kind of 'creative embellishment' that's practically standard practice in Hollywood."
Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
I sometimes feel like I should be ashamed because I’ve had to take Haldol in the past.
Honestly, the worst part is that I truly do feel that shame.
But then again, isn't it true that people dealing with psychosis often struggle with a fractured sense of self?
Still, I can't help but fear a world where I am inherently viewed as less valuable.
Honestly, the worst part is that I truly do feel that shame.
But then again, isn't it true that people dealing with psychosis often struggle with a fractured sense of self?
Still, I can't help but fear a world where I am inherently viewed as less valuable.
What is happening to me?
in Psychology ·
Don't let it get to you—just take a deep breath and relax.
Hunting pedophiles: Is it just a modern-day witch hunt?
in Psychology ·
George Martin70 said:TV news and newspapers are constantly flooded with stories about hunting down pedophiles. Politicians love to act all concerned about child safety, positioning themselves as the ultimate solution to this growing threat facing vulnerable kids. But if you actually sit down and read through the articles, it mostly feels like a bunch of nothing—just empty noise with hardly any substance. Every so often, this whole topic gets massive media coverage, only to be pushed aside by other things like drug legalization, prostitution laws, or marriage equality.
Pedophilia is actually a pretty rare mental disorder; I mean, in a place like the US, there are probably just a handful of these cases that aren't already locked up in prison.
Do you guys think outlets like The Oprah Winfrey Show and our politicians are intentionally blowing the pedophilia issue out of proportion, kind of like a modern-day witch hunt?
Yes,
Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
vividskipper15 said:Even though she’s been given a diagnosis, I honestly have my doubts. That whole PMS thing sounds bizarre—being perfectly fine all month and then suddenly crashing for three to five days? I've never heard of anything like that before.
Although her symptoms were intense at first—she was practically carrying knives around with her—I wasn't scared. I've known her my entire life and just didn't think she was capable of hurting anyone. You’re incredibly lucky to have your husband; her own father completely cut her off.
And he won't stop talking trash about her because of it... acting like she somehow disgraced the family name or some other bullshit.
Having a husband who actually understands me is such a blessing (what a brilliant mind!).
As for the stigma and all that—the hardest part is when you finally come off the medication. You aren't constantly drugged up anymore, enough time has passed, and that part of your brain that recovered starts working again. Suddenly, that healthy part of your brain makes you realize that people don't look at you the same way, and honestly, they probably (99% of the time) never will again.
So, you accept it.
Then you just look at those people and think, "to hell with them."
And inevitably, alienation sets in.
Personally, I was never much of a social animal, but I'm certain that those who are socialites tell themselves: "No, I'm not imagining things, they still accept me."
Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
vividskipper15 said:Even though she’s been given a diagnosis, I honestly have my doubts. That whole PMS thing sounds bizarre—being perfectly fine all month and then suddenly crashing for three to five days? I've never heard of anything like that before.
Although her symptoms were intense at first—she was practically carrying knives around with her—I wasn't scared. I've known her my entire life and just didn't think she was capable of hurting anyone. You’re incredibly lucky to have your husband; her own father completely cut her off.
And he won't stop talking trash about her because of it... acting like she somehow disgraced the family name or some other bullshit.
I get lectured about "family honor" all the time, too.
But isn't it funny how their precious honor would actually be at stake if they just had the courage to reject me openly?👍
Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
Is that me you're talking about?
Don't forget that behind that schizophrenic shield, there's just a human being, just like you.
Seriously though, I have a few people in my life who actually see me as a person, and I can't help but feel incredibly grateful for them. Isn't that amazing?
Don't forget that behind that schizophrenic shield, there's just a human being, just like you.
Seriously though, I have a few people in my life who actually see me as a person, and I can't help but feel incredibly grateful for them. Isn't that amazing?
Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
Richard Murphy6 said:Electroconvulsive therapy? Don't even get me started! I honestly thought they’d phased that stuff out ages ago, man... holy cow!😎
Didn't we already cover this about a month ago?
Is there still some life left in this day?
So, you get to make a choice: do you want to head out to Tibet, or are you opting for electroconvulsive therapy? 🙏 🙏 🤣 🤣 😁 😁
Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
Antipsychotics
What exactly are antipsychotics? Simply put, they are medications designed to manage specific types of psychosis. When we talk about psychosis, we’re referring to severe mental health conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder. While antidepressants are the primary tool for treating depression and its various episodes, it's worth noting that antipsychotics can also be used to help manage some of the more severe forms of depression. Isn't it interesting how much overlap there can be in treatment approaches?
Looking back at the US drug registry from 2006:
N05A Antipsychotics
What can we say about N05A antipsychotic N05AA Phenothiazines?
Is anyone else currently taking levomepromazine, specifically under the brand name Nozinan? I'm curious to hear about your experiences.
Is anyone else looking into the differences between Promazine and Perphenazine? I’ve been doing some reading lately and started wondering how they actually stack up against one another in practice. It's interesting to dive into these details, isn't it?
What can we say about the structure of N05A antipsychotic N05AA Phenothiazines? They are built on that classic piperazine framework, aren't they?
Fluphenazine... how does it compare to Moditen?
N05AD Butyrophenone derivatives
Is anyone else looking into Haldol Haloperidol? It's worth a closer look.
N05AE Indole derivatives
Thinking about ziprasidone—specifically when it comes to Zeldox. Does anyone have any recent experiences or thoughts on this one?
N05EF: Thioxanthene derivatives
Is there anyone else here who uses Clopixol? I'm curious to hear about your experiences with it.
N05AH Diazepines, oxazepines, and thiazepines.
Is anyone else currently looking into clozapine—specifically Leponex?
When it comes to olanzapine—whether you know it as Zyprexa, Vaira, or Zalasta—there is always so much to consider, isn't there? It’s one of those medications that really brings up a lot of discussion in the community. Have you ever wondered how different brands might affect your experience, or how the various names all point back to the same core treatment? It's definitely worth looking into the nuances of how these versions work.
Thinking about Quetiapine—specifically Seroquel? It’s definitely one of those medications that gets a lot of conversation around it. What are your thoughts on how it works for you?
Is anyone else currently looking into or using Seroquel N05AL Benzamides? I’m curious to hear about your experiences with them.
Is anyone else currently using Sulpiride N05AN Lithium, specifically Eglonyl? I've been looking into how this works and was wondering about others' experiences. Has anyone here had much luck with it?
Lithium N05AN
Lithium carbonate - Lithium carbonate
N05AX Other antipsychotics
Risperidone—found under names like Rispolept or Risset.
Is anyone else currently using Risset Promazine Promazine? I've been looking into its effects lately and was wondering what your experiences have been like.
What exactly is Promazine? It’s an antipsychotic that falls under the phenothiazine class. Generally speaking, it's considered to have a milder antipsychotic effect. How does it actually work in the body? It functions by blocking dopamine receptors (specifically D1 and D2) and norepinephrine receptors, along with a bit of activity at the muscarinic receptors. While that blockade of dopamine receptors is what drives its antipsychotic properties, it’s also the reason why some people might experience extrapyramidal symptoms—essentially mimicking aspects of Parkinson's disease. As for that heavy sedative feeling? That’s simply the result of how it interacts with H1 histamine receptors. Isn't it fascinating how such small chemical shifts can have such a significant impact on how we feel?
It really makes its mark on both psychomotor functions and emotional states. It’s typically used to manage schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis, but it also serves as a reliable option for calming things down when standard anxiolytics just aren't cutting it. Isn't it interesting how much impact a single medication can have?
Registered in the US for 2006: Perphenazine (Pliva) Fluphenazine Fluphenazine
Fluphenazine
Fluphenazine is a phenothiazine derivative that sits among the most potent neuroleptics available. Its mechanism of action is quite similar to that of promazine, but don't let the similarity fool you regarding its strength. When used in higher doses, it’s indicated for managing both acute and chronic symptoms of psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and manic psychosis. It shows a really powerful anti-hallucinatory effect and does a great job at clearing up delusional thinking. On the other hand, when you look at lower doses, it works to alleviate anxiety, restlessness, and non-psychotic tension that just doesn't seem to respond to other medications. If we compare it to other phenothiazine derivatives, fluphenazine is significantly more potent—roughly 40 times stronger than promazine! One interesting thing to note is that its effect is less sedative and doesn't blunt emotional experiences quite as much as others might. Isn't that particularly vital for patients receiving outpatient treatment who still need to function in their daily lives?
Registered in the US for 2006 : Moditen ( Lek
Haloperidol Haloperidol
Ever wonder why some medications seem to carry so much more weight than others? Take Haloperidol Haloperidol, for instance. It’s a butyrophenone derivative that sits among the most potent antipsychotics out there—actually, it's about 100 times stronger than Promazine. How does it work so effectively? It primarily functions by binding to and successfully blocking dopamine receptors. This mechanism allows it to act as a powerful antipsychotic while doing a great job regulating both the psychomotor and neurovegetative systems. It’s also quite reliable at preventing uncoordinated movements and serves as a strong antiemetic to help prevent vomiting. Isn't it fascinating how targeted these chemical actions can be?
Just like with many other antipsychotics, you might run into side effects such as facial tics or symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease. Isn't it important to stay mindful of those possibilities?
It comes in several different forms, including tablets, oral drops, injections, and long-acting depot preparations. Isn't it convenient how many options there are to suit different needs?
Registered in the US for 2006: Haldol Haloperidol
Is anyone else currently using Olanzapine? I'm curious to hear about everyone's experiences with it.
Olanzapine is a more modern antipsychotic, belonging to the oxazepine class. It’s chemically distinct from drugs like Promazine or Fluphenazine, and quite different from Haloperidol as well. Because it works so effectively, it’s steadily becoming one of the most important tools in the toolkit for treating schizophrenia. What makes it so interesting? Animal studies have shown that olanzapine acts as an antagonist on serotonin, dopamine, and cholinergic receptors—but it does so with incredible selectivity! Essentially, olanzapine selectively targets the specific receptors on neurons linked to the onset of schizophrenia symptoms, while showing very weak binding to those dopamine receptors responsible for Parkinson's disease symptoms. Isn't that a huge advantage? This unique mechanism allows olanzapine to alleviate schizophrenia symptoms without triggering the movement issues typically associated with Parkinson's, which sets it apart from many other traditional antipsychotics.
Registered in the US for 2006: Zyprexa (Eli Lilly), Vaira (Beluppo), Zalasta (Jadran Galenski Laboratorij)
Ziprasidone
Ziprasidone is an antipsychotic used to ease symptoms of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, which can include visual and auditory hallucinations or a distorted perception of reality. While the exact mechanism behind this medication—much like other drugs used for schizophrenia—isn't fully understood, it is believed to work through dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. Specifically, Ziprasidone acts as an antagonist to dopamine D2 and serotonin 5HT2 receptors. It also antagonizes histamine H1 receptors, which might explain why some users feel sleepy. Additionally, its effect on alpha-1-adrenergic receptors could account for orthostatic hypotension (a drop in blood pressure when standing up). Because of this, it’s important to be careful when driving or operating machinery, avoid alcohol, and stay out of extreme heat. There is also a risk if you have underlying heart conditions. Potential side effects include heart rhythm issues, dizziness, signs of low blood sugar, nausea, and allergic reactions. If you notice uncontrollable movements in your mouth, hands, or feet, or experience muscle stiffness, you should definitely notify your doctor, as these could be signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Registered in the US for 2006: Zeldox (Pfizer)
Sulpiride
Sulpiride is a benzamide derivative. As a selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, its antipsychotic effect stems from blocking dopamine function in the brain. Significant improvements in psychotic states usually occur after several weeks of treatment, once schizophrenia symptoms subside and patients become calmer and more communicative. Interestingly, at lower doses, sulpiride can show antidepressant properties. It also has antiemetic effects and helps protect the stomach lining, which gives it a role in treating gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Registered in the US for 2006: Eglonyl (Alkaloid), Sulpiride (Beluppo)
Lithium Carbonate
Lithium carbonate is a medication known for its strong anti-manic effects. It reduces the frequency of manic episodes and, if they do occur, lessens their intensity. It works to stabilize and prevent relapses without causing sedation, amnesia, or mental fog. The therapeutic effect of lithium carbonate is linked to how it influences electrolyte balance within the central nervous system and affects neurotransmitter metabolism.
Lithium ions interfere with sodium ions in the extracellular fluid. During membrane depolarization, lithium ions enter the cell in place of sodium ions, but because of the sodium pump mechanism, they cannot exit as efficiently.
Furthermore, lithium ions inside the central nervous system cells help stabilize the enzyme systems that regulate the synthesis of norepinephrine and other neurotransmitters.
Lithium carbonate is used to treat manic episodes within bipolar disorder and other manic conditions. For patients with mania or similar disorders, it is also used preventatively during psychotic phases.
Registered in the US for 2006: Lithium Carbonate (Jadran Galenski Laboratorij)
Therapeutic Doubts
At the end of the day, antipsychotics are quite toxic medications, and their effectiveness can be hit or miss. While they may help about one-third of patients, they don't work for everyone. In fact, one-third of patients simply cannot be helped by any medication at all! On top of that, it often takes a long time—sometimes up to six months—for a patient to feel the full effect. During that entire period, the liver bears the brunt of the treatment, and the patient has to deal with numerous side effects.
It really makes you wonder: is this kind of therapy truly justified? However, various "interest groups" directly or indirectly push for the use of these drugs—families want to see action taken, psychiatrists want to help their patients by any means necessary, and pharmaceutical companies certainly have significant interests and aren't exactly neutral players in this.
Psychiatrist Leo Hollister once remarked: "Despite countless studies conducted by highly competent scientists across various disciplines, schizophrenia remains both a scientific mystery and a personal tragedy. While most patients experience some level of improvement when taking antipsychotics, none of them truly recover fully."
last updated: 05.01.2006
Anti-Parkinsonian Drugs | Central Nervous System Agents (N) | Anxiolytics
Be the first to grab this spot!
Copyright©2004-2006 Pharmacology.com
What exactly are antipsychotics? Simply put, they are medications designed to manage specific types of psychosis. When we talk about psychosis, we’re referring to severe mental health conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder. While antidepressants are the primary tool for treating depression and its various episodes, it's worth noting that antipsychotics can also be used to help manage some of the more severe forms of depression. Isn't it interesting how much overlap there can be in treatment approaches?
Looking back at the US drug registry from 2006:
N05A Antipsychotics
What can we say about N05A antipsychotic N05AA Phenothiazines?
Is anyone else currently taking levomepromazine, specifically under the brand name Nozinan? I'm curious to hear about your experiences.
Is anyone else looking into the differences between Promazine and Perphenazine? I’ve been doing some reading lately and started wondering how they actually stack up against one another in practice. It's interesting to dive into these details, isn't it?
What can we say about the structure of N05A antipsychotic N05AA Phenothiazines? They are built on that classic piperazine framework, aren't they?
Fluphenazine... how does it compare to Moditen?
N05AD Butyrophenone derivatives
Is anyone else looking into Haldol Haloperidol? It's worth a closer look.
N05AE Indole derivatives
Thinking about ziprasidone—specifically when it comes to Zeldox. Does anyone have any recent experiences or thoughts on this one?
N05EF: Thioxanthene derivatives
Is there anyone else here who uses Clopixol? I'm curious to hear about your experiences with it.
N05AH Diazepines, oxazepines, and thiazepines.
Is anyone else currently looking into clozapine—specifically Leponex?
When it comes to olanzapine—whether you know it as Zyprexa, Vaira, or Zalasta—there is always so much to consider, isn't there? It’s one of those medications that really brings up a lot of discussion in the community. Have you ever wondered how different brands might affect your experience, or how the various names all point back to the same core treatment? It's definitely worth looking into the nuances of how these versions work.
Thinking about Quetiapine—specifically Seroquel? It’s definitely one of those medications that gets a lot of conversation around it. What are your thoughts on how it works for you?
Is anyone else currently looking into or using Seroquel N05AL Benzamides? I’m curious to hear about your experiences with them.
Is anyone else currently using Sulpiride N05AN Lithium, specifically Eglonyl? I've been looking into how this works and was wondering about others' experiences. Has anyone here had much luck with it?
Lithium N05AN
Lithium carbonate - Lithium carbonate
N05AX Other antipsychotics
Risperidone—found under names like Rispolept or Risset.
Is anyone else currently using Risset Promazine Promazine? I've been looking into its effects lately and was wondering what your experiences have been like.
What exactly is Promazine? It’s an antipsychotic that falls under the phenothiazine class. Generally speaking, it's considered to have a milder antipsychotic effect. How does it actually work in the body? It functions by blocking dopamine receptors (specifically D1 and D2) and norepinephrine receptors, along with a bit of activity at the muscarinic receptors. While that blockade of dopamine receptors is what drives its antipsychotic properties, it’s also the reason why some people might experience extrapyramidal symptoms—essentially mimicking aspects of Parkinson's disease. As for that heavy sedative feeling? That’s simply the result of how it interacts with H1 histamine receptors. Isn't it fascinating how such small chemical shifts can have such a significant impact on how we feel?
It really makes its mark on both psychomotor functions and emotional states. It’s typically used to manage schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis, but it also serves as a reliable option for calming things down when standard anxiolytics just aren't cutting it. Isn't it interesting how much impact a single medication can have?
Registered in the US for 2006: Perphenazine (Pliva) Fluphenazine Fluphenazine
Fluphenazine
Fluphenazine is a phenothiazine derivative that sits among the most potent neuroleptics available. Its mechanism of action is quite similar to that of promazine, but don't let the similarity fool you regarding its strength. When used in higher doses, it’s indicated for managing both acute and chronic symptoms of psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and manic psychosis. It shows a really powerful anti-hallucinatory effect and does a great job at clearing up delusional thinking. On the other hand, when you look at lower doses, it works to alleviate anxiety, restlessness, and non-psychotic tension that just doesn't seem to respond to other medications. If we compare it to other phenothiazine derivatives, fluphenazine is significantly more potent—roughly 40 times stronger than promazine! One interesting thing to note is that its effect is less sedative and doesn't blunt emotional experiences quite as much as others might. Isn't that particularly vital for patients receiving outpatient treatment who still need to function in their daily lives?
Registered in the US for 2006 : Moditen ( Lek
Haloperidol Haloperidol
Ever wonder why some medications seem to carry so much more weight than others? Take Haloperidol Haloperidol, for instance. It’s a butyrophenone derivative that sits among the most potent antipsychotics out there—actually, it's about 100 times stronger than Promazine. How does it work so effectively? It primarily functions by binding to and successfully blocking dopamine receptors. This mechanism allows it to act as a powerful antipsychotic while doing a great job regulating both the psychomotor and neurovegetative systems. It’s also quite reliable at preventing uncoordinated movements and serves as a strong antiemetic to help prevent vomiting. Isn't it fascinating how targeted these chemical actions can be?
Just like with many other antipsychotics, you might run into side effects such as facial tics or symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease. Isn't it important to stay mindful of those possibilities?
It comes in several different forms, including tablets, oral drops, injections, and long-acting depot preparations. Isn't it convenient how many options there are to suit different needs?
Registered in the US for 2006: Haldol Haloperidol
Is anyone else currently using Olanzapine? I'm curious to hear about everyone's experiences with it.
Olanzapine is a more modern antipsychotic, belonging to the oxazepine class. It’s chemically distinct from drugs like Promazine or Fluphenazine, and quite different from Haloperidol as well. Because it works so effectively, it’s steadily becoming one of the most important tools in the toolkit for treating schizophrenia. What makes it so interesting? Animal studies have shown that olanzapine acts as an antagonist on serotonin, dopamine, and cholinergic receptors—but it does so with incredible selectivity! Essentially, olanzapine selectively targets the specific receptors on neurons linked to the onset of schizophrenia symptoms, while showing very weak binding to those dopamine receptors responsible for Parkinson's disease symptoms. Isn't that a huge advantage? This unique mechanism allows olanzapine to alleviate schizophrenia symptoms without triggering the movement issues typically associated with Parkinson's, which sets it apart from many other traditional antipsychotics.
Registered in the US for 2006: Zyprexa (Eli Lilly), Vaira (Beluppo), Zalasta (Jadran Galenski Laboratorij)
Ziprasidone
Ziprasidone is an antipsychotic used to ease symptoms of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, which can include visual and auditory hallucinations or a distorted perception of reality. While the exact mechanism behind this medication—much like other drugs used for schizophrenia—isn't fully understood, it is believed to work through dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. Specifically, Ziprasidone acts as an antagonist to dopamine D2 and serotonin 5HT2 receptors. It also antagonizes histamine H1 receptors, which might explain why some users feel sleepy. Additionally, its effect on alpha-1-adrenergic receptors could account for orthostatic hypotension (a drop in blood pressure when standing up). Because of this, it’s important to be careful when driving or operating machinery, avoid alcohol, and stay out of extreme heat. There is also a risk if you have underlying heart conditions. Potential side effects include heart rhythm issues, dizziness, signs of low blood sugar, nausea, and allergic reactions. If you notice uncontrollable movements in your mouth, hands, or feet, or experience muscle stiffness, you should definitely notify your doctor, as these could be signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Registered in the US for 2006: Zeldox (Pfizer)
Sulpiride
Sulpiride is a benzamide derivative. As a selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, its antipsychotic effect stems from blocking dopamine function in the brain. Significant improvements in psychotic states usually occur after several weeks of treatment, once schizophrenia symptoms subside and patients become calmer and more communicative. Interestingly, at lower doses, sulpiride can show antidepressant properties. It also has antiemetic effects and helps protect the stomach lining, which gives it a role in treating gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Registered in the US for 2006: Eglonyl (Alkaloid), Sulpiride (Beluppo)
Lithium Carbonate
Lithium carbonate is a medication known for its strong anti-manic effects. It reduces the frequency of manic episodes and, if they do occur, lessens their intensity. It works to stabilize and prevent relapses without causing sedation, amnesia, or mental fog. The therapeutic effect of lithium carbonate is linked to how it influences electrolyte balance within the central nervous system and affects neurotransmitter metabolism.
Lithium ions interfere with sodium ions in the extracellular fluid. During membrane depolarization, lithium ions enter the cell in place of sodium ions, but because of the sodium pump mechanism, they cannot exit as efficiently.
Furthermore, lithium ions inside the central nervous system cells help stabilize the enzyme systems that regulate the synthesis of norepinephrine and other neurotransmitters.
Lithium carbonate is used to treat manic episodes within bipolar disorder and other manic conditions. For patients with mania or similar disorders, it is also used preventatively during psychotic phases.
Registered in the US for 2006: Lithium Carbonate (Jadran Galenski Laboratorij)
Therapeutic Doubts
At the end of the day, antipsychotics are quite toxic medications, and their effectiveness can be hit or miss. While they may help about one-third of patients, they don't work for everyone. In fact, one-third of patients simply cannot be helped by any medication at all! On top of that, it often takes a long time—sometimes up to six months—for a patient to feel the full effect. During that entire period, the liver bears the brunt of the treatment, and the patient has to deal with numerous side effects.
It really makes you wonder: is this kind of therapy truly justified? However, various "interest groups" directly or indirectly push for the use of these drugs—families want to see action taken, psychiatrists want to help their patients by any means necessary, and pharmaceutical companies certainly have significant interests and aren't exactly neutral players in this.
Psychiatrist Leo Hollister once remarked: "Despite countless studies conducted by highly competent scientists across various disciplines, schizophrenia remains both a scientific mystery and a personal tragedy. While most patients experience some level of improvement when taking antipsychotics, none of them truly recover fully."
last updated: 05.01.2006
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Schizophrenia - General Discussion
in Psychology & Therapy ·
Abram Hoffer (b. 1917) is a controversial Canadian psychiatrist known for his early development of biochemically based therapies including The Use of Nutrition and vitamins in The treatment of schizophrenia, as well as other diseases. This broad approach, referred to as orthomolecular medicine, involves the strategic use of megavitamins.
Background
Hoffer earned a Bachelor of science in Agriculture ( Great Distinction ) from a US Land-grant University in 1938 , followed by a masters Degree in Agriculture. Later, he obtained a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1944 with research into vitamin content in cereals. Driven by a growing fascination with how nutrition affects humans, Hoffer went on to medical school, earning his MD from a US Medical School in 1949 and finishing his psychiatric residency in 1954.[1]
From 1955 to 1967, Hoffer served as a faculty member at a US University's College of Medicine. During that same period, he held the role of Director of Psychiatric research for a US State Department of Public health in a US city from 1950 - 67.[1] While working there, he observed that about half of the patients in the mental hospital were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Noticing that both the facility conditions and the standard patient care were quite lacking, he began searching for better ways to support those struggling with mental illness.[2] He leaned into biochemistry and human physiology as a way to advance psychiatric research, often questioning the reliance on psychosomatic psychoanalysis and the lack of precise measurements in traditional psychiatric methods.
By the middle of the 1960s, the psychiatric mainstream was shifting its focus heavily toward neuroleptic drugs. As a result, they began to sideline Hoffer’s orthomolecular theories and refused to publish any research that supported orthomolecular medicine.[3] Consequently, in 1967, Hoffer stepped down from his academic and directorial roles to start a private practice in Saskatoon. It was during this time that he founded The Journal of Schizophrenia to ensure research regarding orthomolecular psychiatry had a place to be published. Following a few title changes over the years, this publication eventually became the Journal of Orthomolecular medicine in 1986.[3] In 1976, Hoffer moved to Victoria, British Columbia, where he maintained his private practice until retiring in 2005. Even now, Hoffer still offers nutritional consultations and serves as the editor of the Journal of Orthomolecular medicine.[2]
Research
Through research Working with Humphry Osmond, MD and their scientific teams , Hoffer and Osmond developed The oxidized adrenalin, the Hoffer-Osmond Diagnostic test, niacin therapy for schizophrenia, and various tests for hallucinogenic indole metabolites.[4]
While trying to find effective treatments for alcoholism, Hoffer and Osmond did Studies with LSD. Based on the theory that many alcoholics need to "hit bottom" before they are ready to quit, Hoffer and Osmond attempted to use LSD to essentially simulate the experience of delirium tremens. Hoffer reported a 50% success rate among 2,000 individuals, though he candidly noted that it might have been the profound psychedelic experience itself, rather than the simulation of withdrawal, that truly motivated them to stop drinking.[5]
Interestingly, while performing his psychiatric research involving niacin, Hoffer stumbled upon the first successful treatment for high cholesterol.[6] To this day, niacin remains one of the most proven cholesterol treatments for actually extending life, offering significant benefits to HDL, Lp(a), and triglycerides while helping to lower LDL in several major types of hyperlipidemia.[7] However, it is worth noting that certain time-release versions—especially some older formulations used before 1994 at doses exceeding 2 grams per day—can carry potentially serious side effects.[8][9]
After noticing specific biochemical patterns and some truly unexpected cancer recoveries among his psychiatric patients, Hoffer spent several years investigating how vitamins—specifically the B vitamins and ascorbate—might fight cancer. His work involved applying nutrient-based protocols to hundreds of cancer patients, with many reporting successful outcomes.[10] He even teamed up with Linus Pauling to explore various facets of orthomolecular medicine, with a particular focus on the anti-cancer properties of vitamin C.
The Controversy
Even now, Hoffer's approaches to treating schizophrenia and his broader theories on orthomolecular medicine remain subjects of debate, as they haven't quite gained widespread traction within the mainstream medical establishment as of 2006.[11] For instance, a July 1973 report from an American Psychiatric Association Task Force regarding the use of niacin for schizophrenia pointed out methodological issues in Hoffer’s early research and noted that other studies failed to demonstrate a clear advantage for this type of therapy.[12] Naturally, Hoffer and Osmond issued a detailed rebuttal to that report, arguing that it was filled with inaccuracies, misrepresentations, and underlying biases.[13] Despite this, niacin, B6, and ascorbates aren't typically part of the standard toolkit for treating schizophrenia in conventional medicine.[14] Furthermore, some subsequent studies that didn't follow Hoffer's specific original protocols also failed to show that megavitamin therapy provided any real benefit for schizophrenia.[15]
Looking back from 2005, orthomolecular psychiatry still lacks sufficient testing and independent validation from major conventional authorities. As one might observe, "Controlled studies utilizing the orthomolecular method have been rare. The ones that did occur focused on chronic schizophrenia or groups that included bipolar and schizoaffective patients—diagnostic categories that aren't currently viewed as primary candidates for the orthomolecular approach. On top of that, some negative findings regarding high-dose niacin were observed in patients who weren't even receiving guidance on maintaining a healthy diet..."[16]
Back in the 1950s, Hoffer actually predicted that his treatments would face this kind of pushback, suggesting it might take at least forty years for his methods to reach mainstream acceptance. During an interview in 2006, he mentioned that while he found modern mainstream psychiatric care to be "terrible," he felt his own theories were finally beginning to gain some ground. He remarked, “[W]e’re at a transition point. If I live another four or five years, I’ll see it.”[2]
References
1. ^ a b Hoffer, Abram. Curriculum Vitae. Health WorldOnline.
2. ^ a b c Rob Wipond. "An interview with Dr. Abram Hoffer", Focus, August 2006.
3. ^ a b Hoffer, Abram. Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine History.
4. ^ Eisner, Bruce (February 11 2004). Humphrey Osmond Inventor of the Word "Psychedelic" Dies.
5. ^ Hoffer, Abram (1970). Treatment of Alcoholism with Psychedelic Therapy.
6. ^ Altschul R; Hoffer A; Stephen JD. (1955). "Influence of Nicotinic Acid on Serum Cholesterol in Man.". Arch Biochem Biophys 54: 558–559.
7. ^ The Coronary Drug Project Research Group. (1975). "Clofibrate and niacin in coronary heart disease.". J Amer Med Assoc.: 231:360-381..
8. ^ Parsons, William (2003). Cholesterol Control Without Diet, Revised Edition, 181-211..
9. ^ Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library - Cholesterol (2006).
10. ^ Hoffer's Home Page - Orthomolecular Treatment of Cancer. (December 26, 1999.).
11. ^ Bartlett, Stephen (July 12 2000). Orthomolecular Therapy.
12. ^ Lipton M and others (1973). "Task Force Report on Megavitamin and Orthomolecular Therapy in Psychiatry". American Psychiatric Association.
13. ^ Hoffer A., Osmond H. (August 1976). "Megavitamin Therapy in reply to The American Psychiatric Association Task Force Report on Megavitamin and Orthomolecular Therapy in Psychiatry" (PDF). American Schizophrenia Foundation.
14. ^ Complementary Schizophrenia Treatments (2004).
15. ^ Vaughan K.; McConaghy N. (1999). "Megavitamin and dietary treatment in schizophrenia: a randomised, controlled trial". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33 (1): 84.
16. ^ (2005) "Treating Acute Schizophrenia Using High-Dose Niacinamide Combined with Ascorbate, Pyridoxine, and Centrum Forte versus Centrum Forte alone as an adjunct to Risperidone and dietary guidance (2005-2009 clinical trial)." Beersheva Mental Health Center.
Bibliography
This brief selection highlights just a few of Hoffer's works, much of which he wrote alongside Humphry Osmond. It’s worth noting that this doesn't even scratch the surface of his massive legacy, which includes more than 35 books [2] and a staggering collection of over 500 scientific papers [1] produced throughout his extensive career.
* Hoffer A (1960). Chemical Basis of Clinical Psychiatry. Thomas, Springfield, IL..
* Hoffer A (1962). Niacin therapy in psychiatry (American lecture series). Thomas.
* Hoffer A (1992 (1966, 1978)). How to Live With Schizophrenia, 2nd ed., revised, Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-1382-9.
* Hoffer A (1966). New Hope for Alcoholics. University Books.
* Hoffer A (1967). The Hallucinogens. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-351850-4.
* Hoffer A; Osmond H; Kelm H (1975). Hoffer-Osmond Diagnostic Test. Behavior Science Press, Tuscaloosa, AL..
* Hoffer A; Pauling L (2004). Healing Cancer: Complementary Vitamin & Drug Treatments. CCNM Press. ISBN 1-897025-11-4.
* Hoffer A (2005). Adventures in psychiatry, the scientific memoirs of dr. Abram Hoffer. KOS Publishing Inc.. ISBN 0-9731945-6-1.
External links
* Abram Hoffer - Biography - HealthWorld Online
* Hoffer's Home Page - Orthomolecular Treatment of Cancer
* Vitamins and Minerals Help Fight Off Diseases of The Mind and The Body - Interview with Abram Hoffer, M.D., Ph.D.
* Abram Hoffer MD, PhD Interviewed by Peter Barry Chowka On Orthomolecular Medicine
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abram_Hoffer"
Background
Hoffer earned a Bachelor of science in Agriculture ( Great Distinction ) from a US Land-grant University in 1938 , followed by a masters Degree in Agriculture. Later, he obtained a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Minnesota in 1944 with research into vitamin content in cereals. Driven by a growing fascination with how nutrition affects humans, Hoffer went on to medical school, earning his MD from a US Medical School in 1949 and finishing his psychiatric residency in 1954.[1]
From 1955 to 1967, Hoffer served as a faculty member at a US University's College of Medicine. During that same period, he held the role of Director of Psychiatric research for a US State Department of Public health in a US city from 1950 - 67.[1] While working there, he observed that about half of the patients in the mental hospital were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Noticing that both the facility conditions and the standard patient care were quite lacking, he began searching for better ways to support those struggling with mental illness.[2] He leaned into biochemistry and human physiology as a way to advance psychiatric research, often questioning the reliance on psychosomatic psychoanalysis and the lack of precise measurements in traditional psychiatric methods.
By the middle of the 1960s, the psychiatric mainstream was shifting its focus heavily toward neuroleptic drugs. As a result, they began to sideline Hoffer’s orthomolecular theories and refused to publish any research that supported orthomolecular medicine.[3] Consequently, in 1967, Hoffer stepped down from his academic and directorial roles to start a private practice in Saskatoon. It was during this time that he founded The Journal of Schizophrenia to ensure research regarding orthomolecular psychiatry had a place to be published. Following a few title changes over the years, this publication eventually became the Journal of Orthomolecular medicine in 1986.[3] In 1976, Hoffer moved to Victoria, British Columbia, where he maintained his private practice until retiring in 2005. Even now, Hoffer still offers nutritional consultations and serves as the editor of the Journal of Orthomolecular medicine.[2]
Research
Through research Working with Humphry Osmond, MD and their scientific teams , Hoffer and Osmond developed The oxidized adrenalin, the Hoffer-Osmond Diagnostic test, niacin therapy for schizophrenia, and various tests for hallucinogenic indole metabolites.[4]
While trying to find effective treatments for alcoholism, Hoffer and Osmond did Studies with LSD. Based on the theory that many alcoholics need to "hit bottom" before they are ready to quit, Hoffer and Osmond attempted to use LSD to essentially simulate the experience of delirium tremens. Hoffer reported a 50% success rate among 2,000 individuals, though he candidly noted that it might have been the profound psychedelic experience itself, rather than the simulation of withdrawal, that truly motivated them to stop drinking.[5]
Interestingly, while performing his psychiatric research involving niacin, Hoffer stumbled upon the first successful treatment for high cholesterol.[6] To this day, niacin remains one of the most proven cholesterol treatments for actually extending life, offering significant benefits to HDL, Lp(a), and triglycerides while helping to lower LDL in several major types of hyperlipidemia.[7] However, it is worth noting that certain time-release versions—especially some older formulations used before 1994 at doses exceeding 2 grams per day—can carry potentially serious side effects.[8][9]
After noticing specific biochemical patterns and some truly unexpected cancer recoveries among his psychiatric patients, Hoffer spent several years investigating how vitamins—specifically the B vitamins and ascorbate—might fight cancer. His work involved applying nutrient-based protocols to hundreds of cancer patients, with many reporting successful outcomes.[10] He even teamed up with Linus Pauling to explore various facets of orthomolecular medicine, with a particular focus on the anti-cancer properties of vitamin C.
The Controversy
Even now, Hoffer's approaches to treating schizophrenia and his broader theories on orthomolecular medicine remain subjects of debate, as they haven't quite gained widespread traction within the mainstream medical establishment as of 2006.[11] For instance, a July 1973 report from an American Psychiatric Association Task Force regarding the use of niacin for schizophrenia pointed out methodological issues in Hoffer’s early research and noted that other studies failed to demonstrate a clear advantage for this type of therapy.[12] Naturally, Hoffer and Osmond issued a detailed rebuttal to that report, arguing that it was filled with inaccuracies, misrepresentations, and underlying biases.[13] Despite this, niacin, B6, and ascorbates aren't typically part of the standard toolkit for treating schizophrenia in conventional medicine.[14] Furthermore, some subsequent studies that didn't follow Hoffer's specific original protocols also failed to show that megavitamin therapy provided any real benefit for schizophrenia.[15]
Looking back from 2005, orthomolecular psychiatry still lacks sufficient testing and independent validation from major conventional authorities. As one might observe, "Controlled studies utilizing the orthomolecular method have been rare. The ones that did occur focused on chronic schizophrenia or groups that included bipolar and schizoaffective patients—diagnostic categories that aren't currently viewed as primary candidates for the orthomolecular approach. On top of that, some negative findings regarding high-dose niacin were observed in patients who weren't even receiving guidance on maintaining a healthy diet..."[16]
Back in the 1950s, Hoffer actually predicted that his treatments would face this kind of pushback, suggesting it might take at least forty years for his methods to reach mainstream acceptance. During an interview in 2006, he mentioned that while he found modern mainstream psychiatric care to be "terrible," he felt his own theories were finally beginning to gain some ground. He remarked, “[W]e’re at a transition point. If I live another four or five years, I’ll see it.”[2]
References
1. ^ a b Hoffer, Abram. Curriculum Vitae. Health WorldOnline.
2. ^ a b c Rob Wipond. "An interview with Dr. Abram Hoffer", Focus, August 2006.
3. ^ a b Hoffer, Abram. Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine History.
4. ^ Eisner, Bruce (February 11 2004). Humphrey Osmond Inventor of the Word "Psychedelic" Dies.
5. ^ Hoffer, Abram (1970). Treatment of Alcoholism with Psychedelic Therapy.
6. ^ Altschul R; Hoffer A; Stephen JD. (1955). "Influence of Nicotinic Acid on Serum Cholesterol in Man.". Arch Biochem Biophys 54: 558–559.
7. ^ The Coronary Drug Project Research Group. (1975). "Clofibrate and niacin in coronary heart disease.". J Amer Med Assoc.: 231:360-381..
8. ^ Parsons, William (2003). Cholesterol Control Without Diet, Revised Edition, 181-211..
9. ^ Lifespan's A - Z Health Information Library - Cholesterol (2006).
10. ^ Hoffer's Home Page - Orthomolecular Treatment of Cancer. (December 26, 1999.).
11. ^ Bartlett, Stephen (July 12 2000). Orthomolecular Therapy.
12. ^ Lipton M and others (1973). "Task Force Report on Megavitamin and Orthomolecular Therapy in Psychiatry". American Psychiatric Association.
13. ^ Hoffer A., Osmond H. (August 1976). "Megavitamin Therapy in reply to The American Psychiatric Association Task Force Report on Megavitamin and Orthomolecular Therapy in Psychiatry" (PDF). American Schizophrenia Foundation.
14. ^ Complementary Schizophrenia Treatments (2004).
15. ^ Vaughan K.; McConaghy N. (1999). "Megavitamin and dietary treatment in schizophrenia: a randomised, controlled trial". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33 (1): 84.
16. ^ (2005) "Treating Acute Schizophrenia Using High-Dose Niacinamide Combined with Ascorbate, Pyridoxine, and Centrum Forte versus Centrum Forte alone as an adjunct to Risperidone and dietary guidance (2005-2009 clinical trial)." Beersheva Mental Health Center.
Bibliography
This brief selection highlights just a few of Hoffer's works, much of which he wrote alongside Humphry Osmond. It’s worth noting that this doesn't even scratch the surface of his massive legacy, which includes more than 35 books [2] and a staggering collection of over 500 scientific papers [1] produced throughout his extensive career.
* Hoffer A (1960). Chemical Basis of Clinical Psychiatry. Thomas, Springfield, IL..
* Hoffer A (1962). Niacin therapy in psychiatry (American lecture series). Thomas.
* Hoffer A (1992 (1966, 1978)). How to Live With Schizophrenia, 2nd ed., revised, Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-1382-9.
* Hoffer A (1966). New Hope for Alcoholics. University Books.
* Hoffer A (1967). The Hallucinogens. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-351850-4.
* Hoffer A; Osmond H; Kelm H (1975). Hoffer-Osmond Diagnostic Test. Behavior Science Press, Tuscaloosa, AL..
* Hoffer A; Pauling L (2004). Healing Cancer: Complementary Vitamin & Drug Treatments. CCNM Press. ISBN 1-897025-11-4.
* Hoffer A (2005). Adventures in psychiatry, the scientific memoirs of dr. Abram Hoffer. KOS Publishing Inc.. ISBN 0-9731945-6-1.
External links
* Abram Hoffer - Biography - HealthWorld Online
* Hoffer's Home Page - Orthomolecular Treatment of Cancer
* Vitamins and Minerals Help Fight Off Diseases of The Mind and The Body - Interview with Abram Hoffer, M.D., Ph.D.
* Abram Hoffer MD, PhD Interviewed by Peter Barry Chowka On Orthomolecular Medicine
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abram_Hoffer"
Am I the weird one?
in Psychology ·
Wouldn't a massage be much better right about now?.............
Am I the weird one?
in Psychology ·
crimsonhound80 said:One day they’re calling you a freak, and the next, they’re telling you you're a genius. It’s a bit of a seesaw, I guess.
You remind me of Elon Musk—just dive headfirst into the science and stick to it; maybe those of us who have been around the block a few more times will actually benefit from all that brainpower of yours.
And honestly? You aren't funny, so don't kill yourself trying to be. Just let it go.
Show us some skin. 😁
Just lean into what you’re actually good at... if you play your cards right, in ten years or so, you might actually look back and thank yourself for being this socially awkward, hyper-intelligent weirdo.
Because while you're busy grinding away at some prestigious research lab like MIT, your "hilarious" little buddies will be out hitting the local bars, shouting, "Come on, just one more round!" 🙂
🤣 🤣 🤣 Crimsonhound80 is being way too harsh—don't go calling the kid a weirdo.😁 😁 LOL
Am I the weird one?
in Psychology ·
I guess I’m a bit of an oddball myself. 😁
It might be better to just let it go.
So, you’re aiming for normalcy? Well, you'll get there eventually.
Time has a way of healing everything, doesn't it?👍
It might be better to just let it go.
So, you’re aiming for normalcy? Well, you'll get there eventually.
Time has a way of healing everything, doesn't it?👍
Who is the best actress? (Part 2)
in Movies ·
Alexander Morris25 said:Wait, what?!?!?!
Yeah, it's a short list. I'm putting my money on Britney Spears at Crossroads and Mariah Carey in Glitter!
It's all about their career longevity.
Who is the best actress? (Part 2)
in Movies ·
You really can't compare Jack Galen or Clint Eastwood to her... but hey, whatever you say.
Thanks for letting me know!
Since Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes are such favorites, and because everyone loves Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie, 😁 😁 😁 😁 😁
Have you ever felt...
in Psychology ·
Brian Moore2 said:Are you out of your mind? People walk because they have to, period.😁
Man, thanks for the reminder. 😂 😂 😂 ☕ 😁