jadeorca42 said:Could you maybe back up all this nonsense about pre-Castro Cuba with a single credible link? Even the US-leaning Wikipedia article about Cuba doesn't push these kinds of myths. I mean, you don't need to be a historian to realize that most Cubans lived in absolute misery before Castro—they were struggling, mostly illiterate, and that "urbanization" was limited to a handful of cities fueled by the American mafia laundering money through gambling, drugs, and slurs in Havana. Most Cubans just dreamed of being maids, drivers, servants, or elevator boys.
The big shots in the casinos only thrived if they knew someone close to Batista.
Oh yeah, Cuba was "rich"—sure, if you count the oil and gas, which just magically vanished the moment Castro took power, right?
Pick up a book and stop embarrassing yourself with this stuff.
It’s ironic, really, because if you actually had an education, you wouldn't be questioning the validity of these facts. It's pretty obvious you're just trapped in your own biases—likely stemming from a tight circle of philosophy students or hippies. But hey, let's see what
Wikipedia has to say about it:
Economic expansion[edit]
Although corruption was rife under Batista, Cuba did flourish economically during his regime. Wages rose significantly;[82] according to the International Labor Organization, the average industrial salary in Cuba was the world's eighth-highest in 1958, and the average agricultural wage was higher than in developed nations such as Denmark, West Germany, Belgium, and France.[82][83] Although a third of the population still lived in poverty, Cuba was one of the five most developed countries in Latin America by the end of the Batista era.[84] Only 44% of the population was rural.[85]
In the 1950s, Cuba's gross domestic product (GDP) per capita was roughly equal to that of contemporary Italy, and significantly higher than that of countries such as Japan, although Cuba's GDP per capita was still only a sixth as large as that of the United States.[82][86] According to the United Nations at the time, "one feature of the Cuban social structure [was] a large middle class".[86] Labour rights were also favourable – an eight-hour day had been established in 1933, long before most other countries, and Cuban workers were entitled to a months's paid holiday, nine days' sick leave with pay, and six weeks' holiday before and after childbirth.[87]
Cuba also had Latin America's highest per capita consumption rates of meat, vegetables, cereals, automobiles, telephones and radios during this period.[83][87][88]:186 Cuba had the fifth-highest number of televisions per capita in the world, and the world's eighth-highest number of radio stations (160). According to the United Nations, 58 different daily newspapers operated in Cuba during the late 1950s, more than any Latin American country save Brazil, Argentina and Mexico.[89] Havana was the world's fourth-most-expensive city at the time,[77] and had more cinemas than New York.[84] Cuba furthermore had the highest level of telephone] penetration in Latin America, although many telephone users were still unconnected to switchboards.[85]
Moreover, Cuba's health service was remarkably developed. It had one of the highest numbers of doctors per capita – more than in the United Kingdom at that time – and the third-lowest adult mortality rate in the world. According to the World Health Organization, the island had the lowest infant mortality rate in Latin America, and the 13th-lowest in the world – better than in contemporary France, Belgium, West Germany, Israel, Japan, Austria, Italy, Spain, and Portugal.[83][90][91]
On top of that, Cuba’s investment in education was actually the highest in Latin America when you look at it relative to their GDP.[83] According to the United Nations, Cuba boasted the fourth-highest literacy rate in the region—sitting at nearly 80%—which, funnily enough, was actually higher than Spain's rate back then.
If you bother to read the paragraph immediately following the one I linked, you'll realize that it wasn't the impoverished masses or the working class who were pushing against Batista—quite the opposite, really. He actually had the support of the labor unions since he rolled out some pretty decent conditions for them. Instead, it was—surprise, surprise—the Cuban middle and upper classes driving the discontent (and Castro himself is a perfect example of this).
Their frustration boiled down to two main things: 1.) They were constantly measuring themselves against the US, wanting to outperform them both economically and democratically, which gave them the nagging impression that the US was suppressing them. 2.) They were hungry for a return to a pluralistic democracy, which is exactly what the Batista regime had wiped out. So, the 26th of July Movement only really branded itself as a communist movement once they actually seized power; before that, the well-to-do Cubans just assumed the goal was to restore political pluralism.